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Male reproductive health depends on many factors, including whether infectious diseases occur in the reproductive system. Such changes may be reflected in the semen analysis. In the past three years, the number of individuals who fell ill with COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 has been growing worldwide, including in Russia. This infection causes dysfunction and a negative effect on many organs and systems, including reproductive organs, which is reflected in abnormal semen parameters. Despite the high efficacy and small number of side effects found in clinical trials, only 56% of the population in the US and 49% in the Russian Federation reported wanting the vaccine. One of the reasons for distrust of vaccines is the potential negative impact on fertility. A literature review is devoted to the study of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 and vaccination on male reproductive health. The search was carried out using Medline, PubMed, and EMBASE databases.Copyright © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
Objectives: COVID-19 posed profound challenges to nuclear medicine (NM) practice and education on an international scope. Initial lessons learned may be useful in understanding and optimizing dissemination of critical information during global disasters. To better understand the pandemic's initial manifold impact and responses that were in turn enacted, we systematically reviewed relevant articles published during the 2020 calendar year. Method(s): A librarian experienced in systematic reviews performed a rapid scoping review of the English language literature indexed in PubMed, Embase and Web of Science by crossing NM and COVID terms;445 citations were returned. Duplicate, extraneous, non-English and non-full text articles were excluded leaving 248 articles which were analyzed by origin, topic, design, and imaging details. Result(s): An array of topics, techniques, journals and countries of origin were encountered. 158 articles appeared in primary NMjournals, 26 appeared in generic radiology journals and 65 in non-imaging journals. Most frequent countries represented were USA (55), Italy (33), France (19) and UK (17), reflecting the hard-hit countries early during the pandemic. 118 clinical articles were case reports or small series of which 80 featured FDG-PET/CT. There were 36 observational studies. Among non-clinical topics, articles focused on safetymeasures (102), economics and recovery (23), remote reading (17) and education (8). There were 17 surveys. Society-based guidelines (47) and individual-group best practices (79) were published relating to cardiology (33), lung scintigraphy (12), andmultiple topics (48). Systematic (10) and narrative reviews (61) were less frequent than opinion articles (75). Frequent modalities discussed were FDG PET (156), nuclear cardiology (56) and lung scintigraphy (35). Conclusion(s): The medical literature has memorialized a robust response of information sharing during the initial challenges the COVID-19 pandemic relating to patient care, operations and education. Through scoping review, we have analyzed the nature of information disseminated. Opinions and single group best practices dominated the literature. Clinical reports during the first year were primarily case reports or small series, frequently FDG-PET/ CT. The nature of the literature matured as the year progressed, and sources of information broadened as the epidemic spread.
ABSTRACT
The current new coronavirus pandemic has highlighted the importance of taking into consideration population groups particularly at risk of contracting Covid-19 disease or developing severe forms of the disease. The medical literature, the press and the authorities have thus stepped up the use of the expression <<vulnerable populations>> in recent weeks to refer to it. However, behind this general expression there are diverse but often interdependent realities whose specific consideration and understanding seem essential for the effective management of the epidemic and its health and socioeconomic consequences.Copyright © 2020 Editions Medecine et Hygiene. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The aim of this research is to describe the use of telemedicine applied to patients characterised by a particular state of illness, which often drives them toward a frail and chronic status, in a systematic manner. This work employed the Tranfield approach to carry out a systematic literature review (SLR), in order to provide an efficient and high-quality method for identifying and evaluating extensive studies. The methodology was pursued step by step, analysing keywords, topics, journal quality to arrive at a set of relevant open access papers that was analysed in detail. The same papers were compared to each other and then, they were categorised according to significant metrics, also evaluating technologies and methods employed. Through our systematic review we found that most of the patients involved in telemedicine programs agreed with this service model and the clinical results appeared encouraging. Findings suggested that telemedicine services were appreciated by patients, they increased the access to care and could be a better way to face emergencies and pandemics, lowering overall costs and promoting social inclusion.Copyright © 2022 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
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BACKGROUND: Tracheobronchomegaly or Mounier-Kuhn syndrome is a rare disease that is poorly documented. It is associated to recurrent respiratory infections. The gold standard for diagnosis is the chest computed tomography to measure the diameter of trachea and bronchi. CLINICAL CASE: A 48-year-old female patient with Mounier-Kuhn syndrome and COVID-19 pneumonia because of prolonged orotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation care at the General Hospital of Mexicali, Mexico, sentinel hospital during this pandemic. CONCLUSION(S): Mounier-Kuhn syndrome is rare, with at least 360 cases reported in the medical literature. Most cases are congenital;however, some are acquired.Copyright © 2022 Comunicaciones Cientificas Mexicanas S.A. de C.V.. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
The summarizing up the semantic and systemic results should comprise the next phase to provide insights into COVID-19 pandemic and consider it as a modern epidemic and humanitarian crisis on global level. The journal <<Infection and Immunity>> regularly and consistently present the results of ethically viewed legal framework of the pandemic and the administrative regulation of the public health system. Analysis and ethical assessment of the situation covers a wide range of issues, including the provision and operational adaptation of the regulatory framework, the problems of medical care, the processes and conditions for developing diagnostics, treatment and prevention, as well as all aspects related to the organization and implementing vaccination. Three previous ethical comments presented in 2020-2022 during the pandemic were devoted to these issues. Current study within the framework of the <<fourth ethical commentary>> follows directly from the data obtained while evaluating and analysing real-world experience on vaccination in the context of a regional cluster - the CIS member states, presented in the previous article. The perceived need and obvious significance of the study is to highlight objective factors of vulnerability in the vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic and identify the response spectrum to form trust/or distrust to vaccination in various sectors of society, depending on a set of social and moral factors, including those coupled to a religious denomination. The data obtained are of paramount importance to find the moral ways to support and stabilize a responsible attitude with the aim to protect moral, social and physical health in emergency situations.Copyright © 2023 Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute. All rights reserved.
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Objective: To construct the database of Tibetan medicine prescriptions for "Gnyan-rims" disease,and to explore the invisible medication law of Tibetan medicine in the treatment of "Gnyan-rims" disease,such as prescription compatibility and combination of drug properties. Method: The prescriptions for treating "Gnyan-rims" were retrieved from four Tibetan medical literatures such as The Four Medical Tantras,Kong-sprul-zin-tig, Phyag-rdor-gso-rig-phyogs-bsgrigs and Sman-sbyor-lag-len-phyogs-bsgrigs, and the database was constructed under Python code,and the Apriori algorithm and the vector structure model of taste property flavor transformation were used for analysis. Result:According to the characteristics of Tibetan medicine prescription data,with six fields of prescription name,formula,dosage,efficacy,source and original text as the core,a Tibetan medicine treatment "Gnyan-rims" prescription database with functions of cleaning, searching and exporting was established. A total of 7 602 prescriptions were included in the database,among which 598 prescriptions had therapeutic effects of "Gnyan" and "Rims". The results of compatibility analysis showed that Shexiang,Hezi,Honghua,Mukuer Moyao,Tiebangchui,Tianzhuhuang and Bangga were the most frequently used drugs,while the correlation degrees of Shexiang-Mukuer Moyao,Honghua-Tianzhuhuang,Shexiang-Hezi and Shexiang-Tiebangchui were the strongest,and all the drug composition of Wuwei Shexiang pills appeared in the top ten correlations. According to the property analysis of 40 prescriptions containing high-frequency drugs,19 prescriptions were found to have excessive bitter taste,followed by 9 prescriptions such as Sanchen powders with excessive sweetish taste,and the ratios of sweetish and bitter tastes in six tastes were >35%. The total of sweetish and bitter prescriptions accounted for 70% of the total prescriptions. Among the three flavors,the bitter flavor was the most abundant. The cool effect,dull effect and heavy effect were prominent among the seventeen effects. Conclusion: The prescription database of Tibetan medicine for "Gnyan-rims" can promote the high-quality development of research on prevention and treatment of plague with ethnic medicine. Tibetan medicine treatment of "Gnyan-rims" focuses on the composition of Wuwei Shexiang pills,with the property combination of "cool-bitter and sweet-bitter flavor-cool,dull and heavy", which mainly treats diseases such as "heat sharp light-mkhris pa-heat". These studies can provide data basis and theoretical reference for the selection of Tibetan medicine prescription and its composition for treating plague.Copyright © 2021, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences Institute of Chinese Materia Medica. All rights reserved.
ABSTRACT
More than a year since the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, the global administration of the COVID-19 vaccines hopes to confer sustained protection against SARS-CoV-2 and stop this difficult to predict situation. They are highly effective, especially at preventing the severe form of disease and reducing the death rate from COVID-19. Pregnant women represent a high-risk category of population for infectious diseases, including COVID-19, and need to be considered for vaccination. Because the results of clinical trials of COVID-19 vaccines in pregnant women are not yet published, many questions remain to be answered. There are now available data and information in real-life data, including healthcare pregnant women or in women who did not know they were pregnant at the time of vaccination. This work aims to present the current state of knowledge about COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy based on reported cases from medical literature. These cases of COVID-19 vaccination will be more and more, and in the future, we will be supplementarily adding data about the benefits and effects of vaccination on pregnancy, fetal and infant development, and their immunity. Today we affirm: anti-COVID-19 vaccines during pregnancy are reported to be as safe and effective as in the general population. Because a higher rate of miscarriage in early pregnancy has been observed to be associated with COVID-19, it may seem sagacious to recommend vaccination before planning a pregnancy to gain immunity at the time of conception.Copyright © 2021.
ABSTRACT
Background Taletrectinib is a potent, next-generation, CNS-active, ROS1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) with selectivity over TRKB. In previous reports from TRUST-I, taletrectinib showed meaningful clinical efficacy and was well tolerated in pts with ROS1+ NSCLC (n = 109) regardless of crizotinib (CRZ) pretreatment status. We report updated efficacy and safety data with ~1.5 yr follow-up. Methods TRUST-I is a multicenter, open-label, single-arm study with two cohorts: ROS1 TKI-naive and CRZ-pretreated. Pts in both cohorts received taletrectinib 600 mg QD. Key study endpoints included IRC-confirmed ORR (cORR), DoR, disease control rate (DCR), PFS, and safety. A pooled analysis of ORR, PFS, and safety including pts from additional clinical trials was also conducted. Results In the 109 pts from TRUST-I (enrolled prior to Feb 2022) the median follow-up was 18.0 mo in TKI-naive (n = 67) and 16.9 mo in CRZ-pretreated pts (n = 42). cORR was 92.5% in TKI-naive and 52.6% in CRZ-pretreated pts (table). Median DoR (mDoR) and mPFS were not reached. Intracranial-ORR was 91.6%;ORR in pts with G2032R was 80.0%. In a pooled analysis with phase I studies, ORR was 89.5% and 50.0% for TKI-naive and CRZ-pretreated pts, respectively;mPFS was 33.2 mo and 9.8 mo. In 178 pts treated at 600 mg QD, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) were 92.7%;most (64.0%) were grade 1-2. The most common TEAEs were increased AST (60.7%), increased ALT (55.6%), and diarrhea (55.6%). Neurological TEAEs (dizziness, 18.5%;dysgeusia, 12.4%) and discontinuations due to TEAEs (3.4%) were low. Further updated results will be presented. [Formula presented] Conclusions With additional follow-up, taletrectinib continued to demonstrate meaningful efficacy outcomes including high response rates, prolonged PFS, robust intracranial activity, activity against G2032R, and tolerable safety with low incidence of neurological AEs. Clinical trial identification NCT04395677. Editorial acknowledgement Medical writing and editorial assistance were provided by Arpita Kulshrestha of Peloton Advantage, LLC, an OPEN Health company, and funded by AnHeart Therapeutics, Inc Legal entity responsible for the study AnHeart Therapeutics, Inc. Funding AnHeart Therapeutics, Inc. Disclosure S. He: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Employment: AnHeart Therapeutics. T. Seto: Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AbbVie, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly Japan, Kissei Pharmaceutical, MSD, Novartis Pharma, Pfizer Japan, Takeda Pharmaceutical;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Employment: Precision Medicine Asia;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau, Honoraria for lectures: AstraZeneca, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Chugai Pharmaceutical, Covidien Japan, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly Japan, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, MSD, Mochida Pharmaceutical, Nippon Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis Pharma, Ono Pharmaceutical, Pfizer Japan, Taiho Pharmaceutical, Takeda Pharmaceutical, Towa Pharmaceutical. C. Zhou: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting fees: Innovent Biologics Qilu, Hengrui, TopAlliance Biosciences Inc;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau, Payment or honoraria: Eli Lilly China, Sanofi, BI, Roche, MSD, Qilu, Hengrui, Innovent Biologics, C-Stone LUYE Pharma, TopAlliance Biosciences Inc, Amoy Diagnositics, AnHeart. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.Copyright © 2023 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by Elsevier Inc.
ABSTRACT
Background The phase III CheckMate 816 study demonstrated statistically significant and clinically meaningful improvements in event-free survival (EFS) and pathologic complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant N + C vs C in patients (pts) with resectable NSCLC. Here, we report 3-y efficacy, safety, and exploratory biomarker analyses from CheckMate 816. Methods Adults with stage IB (tumors >=4 cm)-IIIA (per AJCC 7th ed) resectable NSCLC, ECOG PS <= 1, and no known EGFR/ALK alterations were randomized to N 360 mg + C Q3W or C alone Q3W for 3 cycles followed by surgery. Primary endpoints were EFS and pCR, both per blinded independent review. Exploratory analyses included EFS by surgical approach and extent/completeness of resection, and EFS and pCR by a 4-gene (CD8A, CD274, STAT-1, LAG-3) inflammatory signature score derived from RNA sequencing of baseline (BL) tumor samples. Results At a median follow-up of 41.4 mo (database lock, Oct 14, 2022), continued EFS benefit was observed with N + C vs C (HR, 0.68;95% CI, 0.49-0.93);3-y EFS rates were 57% and 43%, respectively. N + C improved EFS vs C in pts who had surgery, regardless of surgical approach or extent of resection, and in pts with R0 resection (table). Recurrence occurred in 28% and 42% of pts who had surgery in the N + C (n = 149) and C arms (n = 135), respectively. In the N + C arm, BL 4-gene inflammatory signature scores were numerically higher in pts with pCR vs pts without, and EFS was improved in pts with high vs low scores (data to be presented). Grade 3-4 treatment-related and surgery-related adverse events occurred in 36% and 11% of pts in the N + C arm, respectively, vs 38% and 15% in the C arm. Conclusions Neoadjuvant N + C continues to provide long-term clinical benefit vs C in pts with resectable NSCLC, regardless of surgical approach or extent of resection. Exploratory analyses in pts treated with N + C suggested that high BL tumor inflammation may be associated with improved EFS and pCR. Clinical trial identification NCT02998528. Editorial acknowledgement Medical writing and editorial support for the development of this , under the direction of the authors, was provided by Adel Chowdhury, PharmD, Samantha Dwyer, PhD, and Michele Salernitano of Ashfield MedComms, an Inizio company, and funded by Bristol Myers Squibb. Legal entity responsible for the study Bristol Myers Squibb. Funding Bristol Myers Squibb. Disclosure P.M. Forde: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, F-Star, G1 Therapeutics, Genentech, Iteos, Janssen, Merck, Novartis, Sanofi, Surface;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AstraZeneca, BioNTech, Bristol Myers Squibb, Corvus, Kyowa, Novartis, Regeneron;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Trial steering committee member: AstraZeneca, BioNTech, Bristol Myers Squibb, Corvus;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Member of the Board of Directors: Mesothelioma Applied Research Foundation;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role, Scientific advisory board member: LUNGevity Foundation. J. Spicer: Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, CLS Therapeutics, Merck, Protalix Biotherapeutics, Roche;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting fees: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Merck, Novartis, Protalix Biotherapeutics, Regeneron, Roche, Xenetic Biosciences;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, PeerView;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Data safety monitoring board member: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Industry chair: Canadian Association of Thoracic Surgeons. [Formula presented] N. Girard: Financial Interests, Personal, Invited Speaker: AstraZeneca, BMS, MSD, Roche, Pfizer, Mirati, Amgen, Novartis, Sanofi;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca, BMS, MSD, Roche, Pfizer, Janssen, Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, Sanofi, AbbVie, Amgen, Eli Lilly, Grunenthal, Tak da, Owkin;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant, Local: Roche, Sivan, Janssen;Financial Interests, Institutional, Funding: BMS;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Officer, International Thymic malignancy interest group, president: ITMIG;Other, Personal, Other, Family member is an employee: AstraZeneca. M. Provencio: Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Janssen, Pfizer, Roche, Takeda;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, MSD, Pfizer, Roche, Takeda. S. Lu: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Role: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GenomiCare, Hutchison MediPharma, Roche, Simcere, ZaiLab;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: AstraZeneca, Hanosh, Roche. M. Awad: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting fees: ArcherDX, Ariad, AstraZeneca, Blueprint Medicine, Bristol Myers Squibb, EMD Serono, Genentech, Maverick, Merck, Mirati, Nektar, NextCure, Novartis, Syndax;Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech, Eli Lilly. T. Mitsudomi: Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Boehringer Ingelheim, BridgeBio Pharma;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting fees: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, MSD, Novartis, Ono, Pfizer;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, Guardant, Invitae, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Ono, Pfizer, Taiho;Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Leadership Role, Former president: IASLC. E. Felip: Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Fundacion Merck Salud, Merck KGAa;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting fees: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bayer, BerGenBio, Bristol Myers Squibb, Daiichi Sankyo, Eli Lilly, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, GlaxoSmithKline, Janssen, Merck, MSD, Novartis, Peptomyc, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Eli Lilly, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Janssen, Medical Trends, Medscape, Merck, MSD, PeerVoice, Pfizer, Sanofi, Takeda, touchONCOLOGY;Non-Financial Interests, Personal, Member of the Board of Directors: Grifols. S.J. Swanson: Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: Ethicon. F. Tanaka: Financial Interests, Institutional, Research Grant: Boehringer Ingelheim, Chugai, Eli Lilly, Ono, Taiho;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Consulting fees: AstraZeneca, Chugai, Ono;Financial Interests, Personal, Speaker's Bureau: AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol Myers Squibb, Chugai, Covidien, Eli Lilly, Intuitive, Johnson & Johnson, Kyowa Kirin, MSD, Olympus, Ono, Pfizer, Stryker, Taiho, Takeda. P. Tran: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. N. Hu: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb. J. Cai: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Other, Travel support for attending meetings and travel: Bristol Myers Squibb. J. Bushong: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. J. Neely: Financial Interests, Personal, Full or part-time Employment: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. D. Balli: Financial Interests, Personal, Other, patents planned, issued, or pending: Bristol Myers Squibb;Financial Interests, Personal, Stocks/Shares: Bristol Myers Squibb. S.R. Broderick: Financial Interests, Personal, Advisory Board: AstraZeneca. All other authors have declared no conflicts of interest.Copyright © 2023 International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. Published by E sevier Inc.
ABSTRACT
The dried fruit of Amomum tsao-ko Crevost & Lemarie, a perennial herb of Cardamom in Zingiberaceae, has been widely used in food and as a folk medicine. It is used not only as an important food additive and spice for removing peculiar smell and improving taste, but also as a traditional Chinese medicine with significant efficacy in treating many kinds of disorders. Based on the high edible and medicinal value, large amounts of investigation have been reported for A. tsaoko in the past several years. This review specifically summarises its quality control, toxicology and clinical application, about which no literature had systematically reviewed, based on our best acknowledge. The current quality control of A. tsaoko is based on the content of volatile oil, which should be no less than 1.4% according to the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 edition), while a more possible Q-Markers should be developed to focus on either a specific bioactive ingredient or a component correlated with a certain clinical efficacy. Toxicity research suggests that A. tsaoko actually belongs to the non-toxic substance, although citral and 1,8-cineole, two main components of A. tsaoko, is hepatotoxic for the former and displays low acute toxicity and sub-chronic oral toxicity for the latter, but no obviously accumulative toxicity has so far been discovered for A. tsaoko. In clinical practice, A. tsaoko is often used in treatment of dampness/cold resistance, malaria, vomiting, fullness and epigastric distension across additional disorders, such as SARS, COVID-19 and hepatitis.Copyright © 2022 The Author(s)